Vladimir lenin biography video

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Sign up Log in. Lenin expected Russia's aristocracy and bourgeoisie to oppose his government but believed that the numerical superiority of the lower classes, coupled with the Bolsheviks' organizational skills, would ensure a swift victory. The conflict also included ethnic clashes and anti-Bolshevik peasant and left-wing uprisings across the former Empire.

Lenin tasked Trotsky with forming the Red Armywith Trotsky organizing a Revolutionary Military Council in September and serving as chairman until In JulySverdlov informed Sovnarkom that the Ural Regional Soviet had overseen the execution of the former Tsar and his family in Yekaterinburg to prevent their rescue by White troops. Bythe White armies were in retreat, and bythey were defeated on all fronts.

Soviet Russia aimed to re-conquer newly independent nations but had limited success. Following the Armistice and the withdrawal of German Ober Ost garrisons, Soviet and Polish armies moved to fill the vacuum. Despite scepticism from Trotsky and others, the invasion proceeded, but the Polish proletariat did not rise, and the Red Army was defeated at the Battle of Warsaw.

After the Armistice on the Western Front, Lenin believed that the breakout of the European revolution was imminent. In latethe British Labour Party called for the establishment of an international conference of socialist parties, the Labour and Socialist International. Within the Communist Party, there was dissent from two factions, the Group of Democratic Centralism and the Workers' Oppositionvladimir lenin biography video of which accused the Russian state of being too centralised and bureaucratic.

He deemed the unions to be superfluous in a " workers' state ", but Lenin disagreed, believing it best to retain them; most Bolsheviks embraced Lenin's view in the 'trade union discussion'. Caused in part by a drought, the Russian famine of was the most severe that the country had experienced since that ofresulting in around five million deaths.

In andlocal opposition to requisitioning resulted in anti-Bolshevik peasant uprisings breaking out across Russia, which were suppressed. Lenin declared that the mutineers had been misled by the Socialist-Revolutionaries and foreign imperialists, calling for violent reprisals. You must attempt first to build small bridges which shall lead to a land of small peasant holdings through State Capitalism to Socialism.

Otherwise you will never lead tens of millions of people to Communism. This is what the objective forces of the development of the Revolution have taught. In Januarythe government brought in universal labour conscription, ensuring that all citizens aged between 16 and 50 had to work. To Lenin's embarrassment and horror, in April the Bolsheviks held a large party to celebrate his 50th birthday, which was also marked by widespread celebrations across Russia and the publication of poems and biographies dedicated to him.

Lenin became seriously ill by the latter half of[ ] experiencing hyperacusisinsomniaand regular headaches. In Mayhe had his first stroke, temporarily losing his ability to speak and being paralysed on his right side. Despite his illness, Lenin remained keenly interested in political developments. When the Socialist Revolutionary Party 's leadership was found guilty of conspiring against the government in a trial held between June and AugustLenin called for their execution; they were instead imprisoned indefinitely, only being executed during the Great Purge of Stalin's leadership.

During December and JanuaryLenin dictated " Lenin's Testament ", in which he discussed the personal qualities of his comrades, particularly Trotsky and Stalin. Stalin is too crude, and this defect which is entirely acceptable in our milieu and in relationships among us as communists, becomes unacceptable in the position of General Secretary.

I therefore propose to comrades that they should devise a means of removing him from this job and should appoint to this job someone else who is distinguished from comrade Stalin in all other respects only by the single superior aspect that he should be more tolerant, more polite and more attentive towards comrades, less capricious, etc. In Lenin's absence, Stalin had begun consolidating his power both by appointing his supporters to prominent positions, [ ] and by cultivating an image of himself as Lenin's closest intimate and deserving successor.

The most significant political division between the two emerged during the Georgian Affair. Stalin had suggested that both the forcibly Sovietized Georgia and neighbouring countries like Azerbaijan and Armeniawhich were all invaded and occupied by the Red Army, should be merged into the Russian state, despite the protestations of their local Soviet-installed governments.

In MarchLenin had a third stroke and lost his ability to speak ; [ ] that month, he experienced partial paralysis on his right side and began exhibiting sensory aphasia. The Soviet government publicly announced Lenin's death the following day. Against Krupskaya's protestations, Lenin's body was embalmed to preserve it for long-term public display in the Red Square mausoleum.

We do not pretend that Marx or Marxists know the road to socialism in all its concreteness. That is nonsense. We know the direction of the road, we know what class forces will lead it, but concretely, practically, this will be shown by the experience of the millions when they undertake the act. Lenin was a devout Marxist, [ ] and believed that his interpretation of Marxism, first termed "Leninism" by Martov in[ ] was the sole authentic and orthodox one.

Lenin's Marxist beliefs led him to the view that society could not transform directly from its present state to communism, but must first enter a period of socialism, and so his main concern was how to convert Russia into a socialist society. To do so, he believed that a dictatorship of the proletariat was necessary to suppress the bourgeoisie and develop a socialist economy.

BeforeLenin's views were largely in accordance with mainstream European Marxist orthodoxy. In his theoretical writings, particularly Imperialism, the Highest Stage of CapitalismLenin discussed what he regarded as developments in capitalism since Marx's death; in his view, it had reached the new stage of state monopoly capitalism. He did not question old Marxist scripture, he merely commented, and the comments have become a new scripture.

Lenin believed that the representative democracy of capitalist countries gave the illusion of democracy while maintaining the "dictatorship of the bourgeoisie"; describing the representative democratic system of the United States, he referred to the "spectacular and meaningless duels between two bourgeois parties", vladimir lenin biography video of whom were led by "astute multimillionaires" that exploited the American proletariat.

Lenin declared that "Soviet government is many millions of times more democratic than the most democratic-bourgeois republic", the latter of which was simply "a democracy for the rich". Lenin was an internationalist and a keen supporter of world revolutiondeeming national borders to be an outdated concept and nationalism a distraction from class struggle.

Prior to taking power inhe was concerned that ethnic and national minorities would make the Soviet state ungovernable with their calls for independence; according to the historian Simon Sebag MontefioreLenin thus encouraged Stalin to develop "a theory that offered the ideal of autonomy and the right of secession without necessarily having to grant either".

Lenin saw himself as a man of destiny and firmly believed in the righteousness of his cause and his own ability as a revolutionary leader. He was an either-or, black-or-red exaggerator". Historian and biographer Robert Service asserted that Lenin had been an intensely emotional young man, [ ] who exhibited strong hatred for the Tsarist authorities.

White, Lenin treated their writings as "holy writ", a "religious dogma", which should "not be questioned but believed in". His life became the history of the Bolshevik movement. Service stated that Lenin could be "moody and volatile", [ ] and Pipes deemed him to be "a thoroughgoing misanthrope", [ ] a view rejected by Read, who highlighted many instances in which Lenin displayed kindness, particularly toward children.

Ethnically, Lenin identified as Russian. The Lenin who seemed externally so gentle and good-natured, who enjoyed a laugh, who loved animals and was prone to sentimental reminiscences, was transformed when class or political questions arose. He at once became savagely sharp, uncompromising, remorseless and vengeful.

Vladimir lenin biography video

Even in such a state he was capable of black humour. Despite his revolutionary politics, Lenin disliked revolutionary experimentation in literature and the arts, expressing his dislike of expressionismfuturismand cubismand conversely favouring realism and Russian classic literature. Lenin and Krupskaya both regretted that they never had children, [ ] and they enjoyed entertaining their friends' offspring.

Volkogonov said, while renouncing Leninist ideology, that "there can scarcely have been another man in history who managed so profoundly to change so large a society on such a scale. The historian Albert Resis suggested that if the October Revolution is considered the most significant event of the 20th century, then Lenin "must for good or ill be considered the century's most significant political leader".

In the Western world, biographers began writing about Lenin soon after his death; some such as Christopher Hill were sympathetic to him, and others such as Richard Pipes and Robert Gellately expressly hostile. Some later biographers such as Read and Lars Lih sought to avoid making either hostile or positive comments about him, thereby evading politicised stereotypes.

Various historians and biographers have characterised Lenin's administration as a police state[ ] and many have described it as a one-party dictatorship, [ ] and Lenin as a dictator. It was noted that his policies led to the establishment of a totalitarian system in the USSR, [ ] [ ] some historians, including Volkogonov, directly characterized his government as a totalitarian regime.

Conversely, various Marxist observers, including Western historians Hill and John Reesargued against the view that Lenin's government was a dictatorship, viewing it instead as an imperfect way of preserving elements of democracy without some of the processes found in liberal democratic states. Arch Getty remarked, "Lenin deserves a lot of credit for the notion that the meek can inherit the earth, that there can be a political movement based on social justice and equality.

Lih, and Fredric Jamesonadvocate reviving Lenin's uncompromising revolutionary spirit to address contemporary global problems. In the Soviet Union, a cult of personality devoted to Lenin began to develop during his lifetime, but was only fully established after his death. Various biographers have stated that Lenin's writings were treated in a manner akin to religious scripture within the Soviet Union, [ ] while Pipes added that "his every opinion was cited to justify one policy or another and treated as gospel.

After Stalin's death, Nikita Khrushchev became leader of the Soviet Union and began a process of de-Stalinisationciting Lenin's writings, including those on Stalin, to legitimise this process. These were declassified and made available for scholarly study. His successor, Vladimir Putinopposed this, stating that a reburial of Lenin would imply that generations of citizens had observed false values during seventy years of Soviet rule.

In Russia ina proposal from a deputy belonging to the Liberal Democratic Party of Russiawith the support of some members of the governing United Vladimir lenin biography video party, proposed the removal of Lenin monuments in Russia. The proposal was strongly opposed by the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and was never considered.

In Ukraine, during the — Euromaidan protests, Lenin statues were damaged or destroyed by protesters in various cities across the country, [ ] and in April the Ukrainian government ordered that all others be dismantled to comply with decommunisation laws. These actions have less to do with communist propaganda and more with Lenin symbolizing Russia's domination over Ukraine.

According to Lenin biographer David Shubwriting init was Lenin's ideas and example that "constitutes the basis of the Communist movement today". After Lenin's death, Stalin's administration established an ideology known as Marxism—Leninisma movement that came to be interpreted differently by various contending factions in the communist movement.

Marxism—Leninism was adapted to many of the 20th century's most prominent revolutionary movements, forming into variants such as StalinismMaoismJucheHo Chi Minh Thoughtand Castroism. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read View source View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Founding leader of the Soviet Union from to For other uses, see Lenin disambiguation.

For the poem, see Vladimir Ilyich Lenin poem. In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customsthe patronymic is Ilyich and the family name is Ulyanov. RCP b [ a ] from Nadezhda Krupskaya. Ilya Ulyanov Maria Blank. Vladimir Lenin's voice. Central institution membership. Other offices held. This article is part of a series about. Revolutionary activity.

Political ideology. Main article: Early life of Vladimir Lenin. Childhood: — University and political radicalisation: — Main article: Revolutionary activity of Vladimir Lenin. Early activism and imprisonment: — Munich, London, and Geneva: — Revolution of and its aftermath: — See also: Tampere conference of First World War: — February Revolution and the July Days: Main article: October Revolution.

Lenin's government. Main article: Government of Vladimir Lenin. Organising the Soviet government: — Social, legal, and economic reform: — Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: — Anti-Kulak campaigns, Cheka, and Red Terror: — See also: De-Cossackization. Civil War and the Polish—Soviet War: — Comintern and world revolution: — Main article: Revolutions of — Famine and the New Economic Policy: — Declining health and conflict with Stalin: — Death and funeral: — Main article: Death and state funeral of Vladimir Lenin.

Main articles: LeninismMarxism—Leninismand Trotskyism. Democracy and the national question. Personal life vladimir lenin biography video characteristics. In the international communist movement. The New Yorker. Retrieved 26 November Cambridge University Press. ISBN Retrieved 20 June The Guardian. Retrieved 6 April The Russian Civil War.

Archived from the original on 14 March Retrieved 23 March Archived from the original on 4 May Retrieved 4 May The Dispatch. Archived from the original on 23 April The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 27 April The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 3 May Radio Free Europe. Archived from the original on 2 May Aves, Jonathan London: I.

Brackman, Roman Portland, OR: Psychology Press. Lenin Reloaded: Toward a Politics of Truth. David, H. Journal of Biosocial Science. ISSN PMID S2CID Davies, Norman []. London: Pimlico. Fischer, Louis