Isak borenstein biography definition

Certain items are forbidden as food including blood, pork and fish without scales e. Other foods can be eaten separately but not together at the same meal. For example, milk cannot be eaten with meat, but each is a permissible food to be eaten separately within its own family of foods. The rules of kashrut are complex and in cases of doubt a Rabbi is consulted to make a decision according to the law.

The animals suffered little. Then the shochet would open up the chest and take out the lungs. He isak borenstein biography definition blow them up and examine them. If the lungs were damaged, then the meat could not be kosher and we would sell it to the gentiles. I would pull out the veins by the light of a candle. Before it was cooked the meat would be soaked in water for an hour.

Then it would be salted on all sides and washed. All of this was done because there could be no blood left in the meat. Jews cannot eat blood. So many things happened to me during the war. When the Germans came into Poland, I ran away to Russia. By the time of its occupation on August 9,thousands of refugees had fled to Krasnodar to escape the advancing German army.

During its occupation Sonderkommando 10a of Einsatzgruppe D operated in the city murdering thousands of Jews. There I worked as a carpenter. In when Hitler invaded Russia, I joined the Russian army. We were sent to a place near Kremenchug Kremenchug: a city in the Ukraine. It was occupied by the German army on September 9,and liberated by the Soviet army on November 29, Before we could fight we were caught in a pocket and were surrounded by the Germans.

I am sorry that I did not get a chance to fight. When we surrendered, I was with 35 other Jews. Only two survived the shootings. The rest were picked out by the Germans and killed. So I decided to change my name from Borenstein, which was a Jewish name, to Broniewski, which was a Polish name. As we were marching with thousands of other men into a prisoners-of-war camp, I escaped.

We were being marched around a corner, and I jumped out of the line onto the sidewalk. A Russian woman took me aside and hid me. She repaired my shoes. At a hospital nearby I worked for bread and soup. I joined the partisans Partisans: guerrilla forces operating in enemy occupied territory. In World War II there were partisan groups of various political, national and religious complexions operating mainly in eastern Europe and the Balkans.

The major areas of activity in eastern Europe were in Belorussia, in Lithuania and in the Ukraine. There were also Jewish underground movements that functioned within the ghettos and camps of Poland. However, before we got a chance to fight, a Russian teacher, a good friend of mine named Romanoff, got drunk. When he was drunk, he talked too much.

The Germans squeezed him, and he gave up the names of 60 people. I was arrested in the forest and taken to a prison in Dnepropetrovsk Dnepropetrovsk: the district capital of the Ukraine in the former Soviet Socialist Republic. On the eve of World War II it had a Jewish population of some 80, out of a total population ofDuring WWII the northern Ukraine with its wide expanses of forests and swamps became an area of extensive Soviet partisan activity.

The forest areas provided refuge to Jews who fled extermination and to escaped Jewish prisoners-of-war. Jewish partisan groups in the Ukraine were not able to maintain a separate Jewish identity but were required to be incorporated within the Soviet units. In jail somebody told them I looked like a Jew. They brought me down into the death chamber of the jail.

There in the basement of the jail was a dark room. It was maybe 6 feet wide and 25 feet long. Just one brick was taken out for air. They kept me down there for ten days. During this time they brought in three Jewish transports and then took them out to shoot them. In the jail there was a young girl named Ira Pogorelskaja -- I will never forget her.

She was about nineteen. She had blonde hair and was very beautiful. How did I know this? I saw her face in the light when they took us to the toilet. She nursed me when I could not move because of the beatings. They used to throw bread down there for us. I was so weak I could not get any. Ira held me in her arms and protected me from the other prisoners.

She saved my bread and fed me. She was half- Jewish and a member of the Communist youth organization. They took her out of the jail and she never returned. I tried to find Ira Pogorelskaja after the war. I asked her if she knew her. I told her what I knew. She said Ira was never heard from again. In the death chamber I was tortured. I given cold showers.

I was beaten with leather straps until my skin turned the color of wood. They looked to see if I was circumcised. If I was circumcised they would know I was a Jew. I made up a story: I told them that I was a bed wetter. I had put a tight string around my penis and it had cut me. A Volksdeutscher Volksdeutscher: a Nazi term for a person of German ancestry living outside of Germany.

They did not have German or Austrian citizenship as defined by the Nazi term Reichsdeutscher. Nazi Germany made great efforts to enlist the support of the Volksdeutshe, who constituted minorites in several countries. Nazi Germany received support from the Volksdeutsche; hundreds of thousands joined the German armed forces,including the SS.

There in the cell a Polish officer recognized me as being a Jew. It was pure luck that I survived. I was put into a isak borenstein biography definition camp near Dnepropetrovsk. In a Jewish fellow told me the story of his life. He did not know I was a Jew. They undressed them, but left their socks on. They put potato sacks over their heads.

They put them on trucks, and we never saw them again. The Russian army was coming near us, so they put us on a train. We were taken to Auschwitzwhere our train stopped for half a day, but there was no room in Auschwitz for us. So they took us to Mauthausen Mauthausen: the main concentration camp for Austria located near an abandoned stone quarry.

Inmates were forced as punishment to carry heavy stone blocks up steps from the camp quarry. At Mauthausen there was a checkpoint: Good, you went to work; Bad, you went to the ovens; Half-bad, you went to the hospital. I was lucky. I had typhoid. They put me in the camp hospital, which was a place for moderately sick people to recover.

In the hospital a Pole recognized that I was Jewish and wanted to help me. It held a maximum of 1, prisoners. There we were put to work building a factory inside of a mountain. I never knew what the factory was for. One day the mountain exploded. No more factory. How many hangings were there? The SS put us out to watch. You cannot see anything.

You do not feel anything. They make you feel like an animal. It was a slaughterhouse. Absolutely not describable! How can you forget? I understood German, but I could not let on that I knew it. Reprinted with permission. Charles Avenue. Read the news release accompanying this photograph which was produced for the New Orleans States Newspaper.

Eva Galler explains how the persecution of Jews began as a step-by- step process with measures of increasing severity. The Jews did not foresee that it would end in mass extermination. Unfortuantely, we are dancing at the same wedding. I am very nervous. He is treated with veneration and often consulted in a wide variety of matters, including business, marriage, and religious concerns.

The position is often inherited, and many dynasties were named for the cities in Poland and Russia in which Chassidim resided. The Chasidic line is dynastic. Malka, Hannah and Divorah were sisters to Eva Galler. Malka and Divorah used to entertain guests by singing popular songs. Hannah jumped with Eva Galler from the death train but did not survive.

The sisters were standing outside of the Vogel house in Oleszyce, Poland. Isak Borenstein displays the pictures of his family as he tells his story of survival. Only Isak and his brother Abe the middle picture survived the war. The Borenstein family consisted of six children: three boys and three girls. After the war Isak went back to the house, which was now occupied by another family.

After Radom was seized by the German army on September 8, it was incorporated within the Generalgouvernement. The Generalgouvernement was a German administrative unit which was organized in occupied central and southern Poland but not directly incorporated into the German Reich. Anti-Jewish persecutions and abductions to forced labor preceded the establishment in March, of the Radom ghetto.

Allotted rations in the ghetto were grams 3. Hundreds were shot attempting to smuggle food in from the outside. Eventually, most of the ghetto residents were deported to Treblinka extermination camp. A few hundred Jewish survivors returned after the war to settle in Radom, but soon left the city. The portraits of his sisters, Hannah and Lola, were taken in Isak Borenstien holding the pole on the right participates in a memorial service and parade to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust and promote migration to Israel.

The event was held inin Germany near Munich. Inmates were forced as punishment to carry heavy stone blocks up steps from the camp quarry.

Isak borenstein biography definition

Inmates in punishment details were forced to carry heavy stone blocks up the steps leading from the camp quarry. Mauthausen was located In the Mauthausen Mauthausen: the main concentration camp for Austria located near an abandoned stone quarry. Krankenlager, the camp for the sick, hungry inmates fight for a slice of bread. Units of the 80th Division overran the large Nazi prison camp in Ebensee, Austria, a sub-camp of Mauthausen Mauthausen: the main concentration camp for Austria located near an abandoned stone quarry.

They liberated about 60, prisoners of 25 different nationalities, all in various stages of starvation. Here, some of the prisoners prepare a meal over an open fire in the camp. Women and children survivors of Mauthausen Mauthausen: the main concentration camp for Austria located near an abandoned stone quarry. Taken in May Due to the harsh teatment Abe experienced in the concentration camphis health was broken.

Jeannine Burk remembers her mother, Sarah Bluman Rafalowicz, whose portrait is on the table. The party was based on the so called leadership principle Fuhrerprinzip. At its head stood the Fuhrer, Adolf Hitler. However, it never achieved an absolute majority in a free election, achieving The Nazi party was extinguished for all practical purposes with the suicide of Adolf Hitler on April 30, Two basic elements of its ideology were antisemitism and pan-German nationalism.

Only a person of German blood could be a citizen of the state. This excluded Jews and foreigners. The Germans were considered to be a master race entitled by right to conquer areas in the east. The humiliating defeat of Germany in World War I was blamed on Jewish leftists through invoking the stab-in-the-back isak borenstein biography definition.

She died of cancer at age 45, inshortly after this picture was taken. Jeannine Burk was a hidden child. Other articles are memoirs by hidden children. Other Nazi officials walk behind Hitler. This was one of the cigarette coupon photographs. Cigarette coupons could be redeemed for a series of photographs of Adolf Hitler taken by his personal photographer, Heinrich Hoffmann.

Jeannine with her older sister, Augusta, and her mother in Belgium soon after the war ended. Not pictured is her brother Max. Sarah Bluman Rafalowicz defied the Gestapo, saving her daughter Augusta and herself from deportation to a concentration camp. She and her three children survived the Holocaust in hiding. Inat age 45 she died of breast cancer.

She was already ill when this portrait was taken. He started as a fabric cutter. Sources: www. The Union was formed in in response to a strike in New York when 20, women shirtwaist makers protested sweatshop conditions. Ina fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist factory killed workers, many of them young girls. An inquiry revealed that the fire exits had been locked to prevent the girls from taking long work breaks.

The tragedy gave an impetus to the movement for laws to protect workers. Inbecause of the Great Depression Union membership fell. David Dubinsky, who was elected president inboosted Union membership from a low of 24, toin just three years. The JLC publicized the plight of European Jewry, raised emergency funds for partisan forces and ghetto fighters, rescued over a thousand political and cultural leaders.

After the war, the Jewish Labor Committee was actively involved in relief and rehabilitation work for the survivors. Jeannine received her first doll on this trip. Survivors Solomon Radasky. Historical Adolf Hitler. Location Auschwitz-Birkenau Camp. Number: Solomon and Frieda Radasky. Warsaw Ghetto on Fire. A Woman Sent to be Gassed at Auschwitz.

Auschwitz Record of Buna Quarantine. Exiting Boxcars at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Auschwitz Record of Camp Hospital in Block Barracks No. Perimeter, Birkenau Camp. Entrance to Crematorium I, Auschwitz I. Crematoria II, West View. Ash Pool at Crematorium II. Crematoriaum II, North View. Electric Fencepost. Burning Corpses, Summer of Auschwitz Record of Transfer to Dachau.

Auschwitz Record of Transfer to Gross-Rosen. Shep Zitler. Vilna Jews in the Polish Army. Polish Identification Tag. Soldiers Return Home. German Identification Tag. Zitler Family, Vilna, Shep and Rachel Zitler. Polish Resettlement Corps Registration Book pp. Polish Resettlement Corps Registration Book p. Joseph Sher. Manya and Her Father.

Stefa Kneeling. Two Jews. Great Synagogue of Czestochowa I. Couples at a Well. Lipman Israelovicz. Szandle the Bagel Baker. Taking A Walk. Leah Holding Her Child. Under the Star of David. Seven Friends Link Arms in the Ghetto. Rites for the Dead. Rites for the Dead II. Sewing Class. Pierwszy Aleja No. ORT Certificate. In the USA. New Immigrants Settle in New Orleans.

New Americans in Eva Galler. Reb Aharon of Belz. Three Sisters. Eva and Ita. Isak Borenstein. Family of Isak Borenstein. Memorial Service and Parade. Stairs of Death. No restrictions on use. Marlene Pressman Isak Borenstein. Holocaust, Jewish --Personal narratives. World War, Jews.